Journal: World Journal of Diabetes

Article Title: Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway

doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of ranibizumab on the viability of adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 cells and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Cell viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay ( n = 3, independent experiments). A: Effect of ranibizumab (0 mg/mL, 0.0625 mg/mL, 0.125 mg/mL, or 025 mg/mL) treatment on adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 (ARPE-19) cell viability; B: Effect of ranibizumab (0 mg/mL, 0.0625 mg/mL, 0.125 mg/mL, or 025 mg/mL) treatment on human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) viability. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. d P < 0.0001. 1 P vs 24 hour group. 2 P vs 48 hour group. NC: Untreated group.

Article Snippet: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and primary human retinal endothelial cells were purchased from ScienCell (Carlsbad, CA, United States) and cultured in a low-glucose (5.5 mmol/L) primary endothelial cell culture medium (ScienCell, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China) in a humidified atmosphere containing 50 mL/L carbon dioxide at 37 °C.

Techniques: Cell Counting

Journal: World Journal of Diabetes

Article Title: Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway

doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473

Figure Lengend Snippet: mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin 6, cluster of differentiation 18, intercellular adhesion molecule, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 in adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 cells and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Untreated (NC) (5.5 mmol/L glucose), NC + ranibizumab (5.5 mmol/L glucose + 0.125 mg/mL ranibizumab), high glucose (Hg) (25 mmol/L glucose), and Hg + ranibizumab (25 mmol/L glucose + 0.125 mg/mL ranibizumab). A: Ratios of the mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), cluster of 18 differentiation (CD18), intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in different adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 (ARPE-19) groups; B: Ratios of mRNA expression of VEGF, IL-6, CD18, ICAM, TNF-α, and STAT3 in different human retinal microvascular endothelial cell (HRMEC) groups. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. a P < 0.05. b P < 0.01. 1 P vs NC group. 2 P vs Hg group.

Article Snippet: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and primary human retinal endothelial cells were purchased from ScienCell (Carlsbad, CA, United States) and cultured in a low-glucose (5.5 mmol/L) primary endothelial cell culture medium (ScienCell, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China) in a humidified atmosphere containing 50 mL/L carbon dioxide at 37 °C.

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: World Journal of Diabetes

Article Title: Effect of ranibizumab on diabetic retinopathy via the vascular endothelial growth factor/STAT3/glial fibrillary acidic protein pathway

doi: 10.4239/wjd.v16.i5.99473

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and phosphorylated STAT3 proteins in adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 cells and human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Untreated (NC) (5.5 mmol/L glucose), NC + ranibizumab (5.5 mmol/L glucose + 0.125 mg/mL ranibizumab), high glucose (Hg) (25 mmol/L glucose), and Hg + ranibizumab (25 mmol/L glucose + 0.125 mg/mL ranibizumab). A: Expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) proteins in adult retinal pigment epithelial 19 (ARPE-19) cells were detected by Western blot analysis; B: Expression of GFAP, STAT3, and pSTAT3 proteins in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were detected by Western blot analysis; C: Ratios of GFAP, STAT3, and pSTAT3 protein expression levels in different groups of ARPE-19 cells; D: Ratios of GFAP, STAT3, and pSTAT3 protein expression levels in different groups of HRMECs. All results are expressed as the mean ± SD. a P < 0.05. b P < 0.01. 1 P vs NC group. 2 P vs Hg group.

Article Snippet: Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) and primary human retinal endothelial cells were purchased from ScienCell (Carlsbad, CA, United States) and cultured in a low-glucose (5.5 mmol/L) primary endothelial cell culture medium (ScienCell, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China) in a humidified atmosphere containing 50 mL/L carbon dioxide at 37 °C.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot